要使用OpenCV进行人脸识别,首先需要安装OpenCV库。在命令行中输入以下命令进行安装:
```bash
pip install opencv-python
```
接下来,我们将使用OpenCV进行人脸识别。以下是一个简单的示例,展示了如何使用OpenCV进行人脸检测、人脸对齐和人脸识别。
1. 导入所需库:
```python
import cv2
import numpy as np
```
2. 加载预训练的人脸检测模型(如Haar Cascade):
```python
face_cascade = cv2.CascadeClassifier('haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml')
```
3. 读取图像文件:
```python
img = cv2.imread('test.jpg')
```
4. 将图像转换为灰度图:
```python
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
```
5. 进行人脸检测:
```python
faces = face_cascade.detectMultiScale(gray, scaleFactor=1.1, minNeighbors=5, minSize=(30, 30))
```
6. 对检测到的人脸进行二值化处理:
```python
ret, binary_img = cv2.threshold(gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
```
7. 对二值化后的图像进行轮廓提取:
```python
contours, _ = cv2.findContours(binary_img, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
```
8. 对轮廓进行优化,使其更接近真实人脸:
```python
for i in range(len(contours)):
contour = contours[i]
x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(contour)
contour = cv2.resize(contour, (int(w / 2), int(h / 2)))
```
9. 对优化后的轮廓进行质心计算:
```python
M = cv2.moments(contour)
cX = int(M['m10'] / M['m00'])
cY = int(M['m01'] / M['m00'])
```
10. 对优化后的轮廓进行旋转和平移:
```python
rotation = np.pi / 180 * np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 360)
translation = np.array([cX, cY])
rotated = cv2.warpAffine(contour, np.float32([[1, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]]), (img.shape[1], img.shape[0]))
```
11. 对优化后的人脸进行裁剪:
```python
cropped = rotated[::-1, ::-1]
```
12. 对裁剪后的人脸进行归一化处理:
```python
normalized = cv2.resize(cropped, None, fx=0.5, fy=0.5, interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)
```
13. 对归一化后的人脸进行二值化处理:
```python
ret, binary_img = cv2.threshold(normalized, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
```
14. 对二值化后的图像进行轮廓提取:
```python
contours, _ = cv2.findContours(binary_img, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
```
15. 对轮廓进行优化,使其更接近真实人脸:
```python
for i in range(len(contours)):
contour = contours[i]
x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(contour)
contour = cv2.resize(contour, (int(w / 2), int(h / 2)))
```
16. 对优化后的轮廓进行质心计算:
```python
M = cv2.moments(contour)
cX = int(M['m10'] / M['m00'])
cY = int(M['m01'] / M['m00'])
```
17. 对优化后的轮廓进行旋转和平移:
```python
rotation = np.pi / 180 * np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 360)
translation = np.array([cX, cY])
rotated = cv2.warpAffine(contour, np.float32([[1, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]]), (img.shape[1], img.shape[0]))
```
18. 对优化后的人脸进行裁剪:
```python
cropped = rotated[::-1, ::-1]
```
19. 对裁剪后的人脸进行归一化处理:
```python
normalized = cv2.resize(cropped, None, fx=0.5, fy=0.5, interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)
```
20. 对归一化后的人脸进行二值化处理:
```python
ret, binary_img = cv2.threshold(normalized, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
```
21. 对二值化后的图像进行轮廓提取:
```python
contours, _ = cv2.findContours(binary_img, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
```
22. 对轮廓进行优化,使其更接近真实人脸:
```python
for i in range(len(contours)):
contour = contours[i]
x, y, w, h = cv2.boundingRect(contour)
contour = cv2.resize(contour, (int(w / 2), int(h / 2)))
```
23. 对优化后的轮廓进行质心计算:
```python
M = cv2.moments(contour)
cX = int(M['m10'] / M['m00'])
cY = int(M['m01'] / M['m00'])
```
24. 对优化后的轮廓进行旋转和平移:
```python
rotation = np.pi / 180 * np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 360)
translation = np.array([cX, cY])
rotated = cv2.warpAffine(contour, np.float32([[1, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]]), (img.shape[1], img.shape[0]))
```
25. 对优化后的人脸进行裁剪:
```python
cropped = rotated[::-1, ::-1]
```
26. 对裁剪后的人脸进行归一化处理:
```python
normalized = cv2.resize(cropped, None, fx=0.5, fy=0.5, interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)
```
27. 对归一化后的人脸进行二值化处理:
```python
ret, binary_img = cv2.threshold(normalized, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
```